Bird spikes are physical deterrents used to prevent birds from perching, roosting, or nesting on specific surfaces like building ledges, windowsills, signs, and rooftops. They are typically made of metal, plastic, or a combination of materials and consist of a series of pointed spikes that are designed to make it uncomfortable or difficult for birds to land.

The main purposes of bird spikes are:

1. Preventing Nesting: Many birds, especially pigeons, sparrows, and seagulls, like to build nests in sheltered areas like eaves or window ledges. Bird spikes make it impossible for them to land and set up nests.

2. Reducing Droppings: Bird droppings can be a major issue for buildings, cars, and public spaces. They are not only unsightly but can also cause damage to surfaces, especially to stone, metal, and concrete. Spikes discourage birds from landing in these areas, thus reducing the mess and potential damage.

3. Protecting Structures: Bird droppings can lead to the corrosion of metal surfaces, degradation of paint, and erosion of stonework. Spikes help protect the integrity of buildings and structures.

4. Preventing Disease: Birds can carry diseases, and their droppings may harbor harmful pathogens, bacteria, or fungi. By preventing birds from landing and roosting, spikes help reduce the risk of disease transmission.

5. Keeping Birds Away from Crops or Gardens: Spikes are sometimes used to prevent birds from landing in fruit orchards, vegetable gardens, or other areas where crops are at risk.